Journal article
A pilot scale study on the concentration of milk and whey by forward osmosis.
George Chen, A Artemi, J Lee, S Gras, Sandra Kentish
Separation and Purification Technology | Elsevier | Published : 2019
Abstract
The concentration of skim milk and whey was investigated at a pilot scale using forward osmosis membranes with an installed membrane area of 24 m2. The pilot plant was operated in batch mode using a draw solution (48–57 g/L of NaCl) that mimics the potential brine streams available in a dairy processing plant. This approach avoids or limits the need for the regeneration of a synthetic draw solution. A concentration factor of ∼2.5 was achieved for both the skim milk and fresh whey, resulting in a total solids concentration of ∼21 wt% and 15 wt%, respectively. Increasing the transmembrane pressure was found to be effective in improving the water flux, whereas a much greater increase in the dra..
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Grants
Awarded by Australian Research Council
Funding Acknowledgements
This research was supported under The Australian Research Council's Industrial Transformation Research Program (ITRP) funding scheme (project number IH120100005). The ARC Dairy Innovation Hub is a collaboration between The University of Melbourne, The University of Queensland and Dairy Innovation Australia Ltd. Dr. George Chen would like to acknowledge the financial support by the Victorian Government, Australia, through a Victoria Fellowship. The authors would like to thank High Weald Dairy (UK) for providing the whey samples used in this work, as well as Holchem Laboratories Ltd (UK) for the thoughtful discussions regarding CIP strategies and the provision of cleaning chemicals.